List Of National Parks In India: National parks in India are IUCN (International Union of Conservation of Nature) category II protected areas. India’s first national park was established in 1936, now known as Jim Corbett national park., Uttarakhand. By 1970, India only had five national parks. In 1972, India enacted the Wildlife Protection Act 35 (4) and Project Tiger in 1973 to safeguard the habitats of conservation reliant species. But today there are 106 national parks in India.
Further federal legislation strengthening protections for wildlife was introduced in the 1980s.There are 106 existing national parks in India covering an area of 44,378 km2, which is 1.35% of the geographical area of the country (National Wildlife Database, Dec. 2020). In addition to the above, 75 other National Parks covering an area of 16,608 km2 are proposed in the Protected Area Network Report. The network of parks will go up by 176 after the full implementation of the above report.
India has 105 National Parks across its territory. To know about the significance, the location and the details of all the National Parks here. Also, here you can find the difference between a National Park and a Wild Life Sanctuary.
भारत के पूरे क्षेत्र में 105 राष्ट्रीय उद्यान हैं। यहां के सभी राष्ट्रीय उद्यानों के महत्व, स्थान और विवरण के बारे में जानने के लिए। इसके अलावा, यहां आप एक राष्ट्रीय उद्यान और एक वन्य जीवन अभयारण्य के बीच अंतर पा सकते हैं।
Definition
According to the Indian Ministry of Environment & Forests, a national park is “[a]n area, whether within a sanctuary or not, [that] can be notified by the state government to be constituted as a National Park, by reason of its ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, or zoological association of importance, needed to for the purpose of protecting & propagating or developing wildlife therein or its environment. No human activity is permitted inside the national park except for the ones permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the state under the conditions given in CHAPTER IV, WPA 1972”
In Hindi
भारतीय पर्यावरण और वन मंत्रालय के अनुसार, एक राष्ट्रीय उद्यान “[ए] एन क्षेत्र है, चाहे वह अभयारण्य के भीतर हो या नहीं, [कि] राज्य सरकार द्वारा राष्ट्रीय उद्यान के रूप में गठित होने के लिए अधिसूचित किया जा सकता है, इसके कारण पारिस्थितिक, जीव-जंतु, पुष्प, भू-आकृति विज्ञान, या महत्वपूर्ण प्राणी संघ, जो वन्यजीवों या उसके पर्यावरण की रक्षा और प्रचार या विकास के उद्देश्य से आवश्यक है। मुख्य वन्यजीव वार्डन द्वारा अनुमत लोगों को छोड़कर राष्ट्रीय उद्यान के अंदर किसी भी मानव गतिविधि की अनुमति नहीं है अध्याय IV, WPA 1972 में दी गई शर्तों के तहत राज्य का”
List Of National Parks In India (State-Wise)
| State | Name |
| Kerala | Anamudi Shola, Eravikulam, Mathikettan Shola, Pambadum Shola, Periyar, Silent Valley National Parks |
| Karnataka | Anshi, Bandipur, Bannerghatta, Kudremukh, Nagarhole National Parks |
| Meghalaya | Balphakram, Nokrek National Parks |
| Madhya Pradesh | Bandhavgarh, Omkareshwar, Kanha, Kuno, Madhav, Panna, Sanjay, Satpura, Pench, Van Vihar, Mandla Plant Fossils National Parks |
| Jharkhand | Betla National Parks |
| Odisha | Bhitarkanika, Simlipal National Parks |
| Tripura | Bison (Rajbari), Clouded Leopard National Parks |
| Gujarat | Blackbuck, (Velavadar), Gir Forest, Marine National Park, Gulf of Kutch, Vansda National Parks |
| West Bengal | Buxa Tiger Reserve, Gorumara, Jaldapara, Neora Valley, Sundarbans National Parks |
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands | Campbell Bay, Galathea, Mount Harriet, North Button Island, Mahatma Gandhi Marine, Middle Button Island, Saddle Peak, Rani Jhansi, South Button Island National Parks |
| Maharashtra | Chandoli, Gugamal, Sanjay Gandhi, Tadoba, Navegaon National Parks |
| Jammu & Kashmir | Dachigam, Khistwar, Qazinag, Salim Ali National Parks |
| Rajasthan | Desert, Keoladeo, Rathambore, Sariska Tiger Reserve, Mukundra Hills National Parks |
| Assam | Dibru-Saikhowa, Dehing Patkai, Raimona National Parks |
| Uttar Pradesh | Dudhwa National Park |
| Uttarakhand | Gangotri, Govind Pashu Vihar, Valley Of Flowers, Nanda Devi, Rajaji, Jim Corbett National Parks |
| Himachal Pradesh | Great Himalayan, Inderkilla, Khirganga, Pin Valley, Simbalbara National Parks |
| Tamil Nadu | Guindy, Gulf Of Mannar Marine, Indira Gandhi Sanctuary, Mudumalai, Mukurthi National Parks |
| Chhattisgarh | Guru Ghasidas, Indravati, Kanger Ghati National Parks |
| Ladakh | Hemis National Parks |
| Haryana | Kalesar, Sultanpur National Parks |
| Telangana | Kasu Brahmananda Reddy, Mahavir Harina Vanasthali, Mrugavani National Parks |
| Assam | Kaziranga, Manas, Nameri, Orang National Parks |
| Manipur | Keibul Lamjao, Sirohi National Parks |
| Sikkim | Khangchendzonga National Park |
| Goa | Mollem National Park |
| Arunachal Pradesh | Mouling, Namdapha National Parks |
| Mizoram | Murlen National Park |
| Nagaland | Ntangki National Park |
| Andhra Pradesh | Papikonda, Rajiv Gandhi, Sri Venkateswar National Parks |
| Mizoram | Phawngpui Blue Mountain National Park |
| Bihar | Valmiki National Park |
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More Informations About National Parks In India
National Parks in India are discussed here along with the Wildlife Sanctuaries. These are suitable places for biodiversity conservation. National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries are protected areas declared by Government with the primary objective to preserve wildlife, save flora & fauna and restore the natural ecological balance. There are 103 National Parks and 544 Wildlife Sanctuaries in India. Madhya Pradesh and Andaman & Nicobar Islands have the maximum number of National Parks (9 each). The spectacular natural beauty across the national parks and wildlife sanctuaries in India attracts millions of tourists every year.
National Parks in India
The national park is an area that is strictly reserved for the betterment of the wildlife and biodiversity, and where activities like developmental, forestry, poaching, hunting and grazing on cultivation are not permitted. The government can declare an area as a national park with adequate ecological, geo-morphological and natural significance. In these parks, even private ownership rights are not allowed. Their boundaries are well marked and circumscribed. They are usually small reserves spreading over an area of 100 sq. km. to 500 sq. km. In national parks, the emphasis is on the preservation of a single floral or fauna species. Thanks to India’s biodiversity, there is at least one national park in each state that displays the vivid flora and fauna of the region.
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National Parks In India: Important Points
- Largest National Park: Hemis National Park, Jammu & Kashmir
- Smallest National Park: South Button Island National Park, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Largest Wildlife Sanctuary: Rann of Kutch, Gujarat
- Smallest Wildlife Sanctuary: Bor Tiger Reserve, Maharashtra
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Objectives of National Parks:
An entire ecosystem of the area is protected by the Central or State Government
These contribute to the conservation of wide-ranging species, regional ecological processes, and migration routes.
These maintain viable and ecologically functional populations in the areas assigned
They aid in the cultural, ecological and educational development of the natural resources in the protected area
List Of National Parks In India (FAQ)
Q 1. What is a National Park?
Ans. Any natural habitat which is set aside by the Government of a state or Union Territory for the conservation of the natural environment is called a National Park.
Q 1. How many National Parks are there in India?
Ans. There are a total of 103 National Parks in India at present.
Q 3. Which is the largest national park in India?
Ans. Hemis National Park is the largest National Park in India, located in Jammu and Kashmir. It stretches over nearly 4,400 km2.
Q 5. Which state has a maximum number of national parks?
Ans. Madhya Pradesh and Andaman and the Nicobar Islands have the maximum number of National Parks (9 each).
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Wildlife Sanctuary in India
Wildlife Sanctuary is an area demarcated for the protection of a particular species of flora and fauna. Limited human activities may be allowed by the state authorities for the people living inside it. For e.g. Wildlife authorities may allow livestock grazing for a particular community living there. Any exploitation of wildlife is a punishable offence and removal of forest produce requires a recommendation from the relevant National or State Wildlife Board.
In Hindi
वन्यजीव अभयारण्य वनस्पतियों और जीवों की एक विशेष प्रजाति के संरक्षण के लिए सीमांकित क्षेत्र है। राज्य के अधिकारियों द्वारा इसके अंदर रहने वाले लोगों के लिए सीमित मानवीय गतिविधियों की अनुमति दी जा सकती है। उदाहरण के लिए वन्यजीव प्राधिकरण वहां रहने वाले किसी विशेष समुदाय के लिए पशुओं को चराने की अनुमति दे सकते हैं। वन्यजीवों का कोई भी शोषण एक दंडनीय अपराध है और वन उपज को हटाने के लिए संबंधित राष्ट्रीय या राज्य वन्यजीव बोर्ड की सिफारिश की आवश्यकता होती है।
